| Title | Environmental toxic metal contaminants and risk of cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis |
| Journal | The BMJ |
| Authors | Chowdhury R, Ramond A, O’Keeffe L, et al. |
| Year Published | 2018 |
| Link to article | |
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies investigating the association of arsenic, lead, cadmium, mercury, and copper with cardiovascular disease concludes that exposure to arsenic, lead, cadmium, and copper is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and coronary heart disease. Mercury is not associated with cardiovascular risk. These findings reinforce the importance of environmental toxic metals in cardiovascular risk, beyond the roles of conventional behavioral risk factors.